Get to know

Boxers

Written by
Caroline Coile, Ph.D.,
 author of 34 dog books.
Veterinarian reviewed
 by Nate Ritter, DVM.
Written by
Caroline Coile, Ph.D.,
 author of 34 dog books, including the top-selling Barron's Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds.

Veterinarian reviewed

| | | | |

Playful, affectionate, courageous, protective, and smart—the Boxer has it all!

That sourpuss mug may make the Boxer look perpetually serious, but Boxers are some of the biggest clowns of the dog world.
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At a glance

High Energy

Energy level

4/5

Minimal Maintenance

Grooming

1/5

Large

Size

Playful, affectionate, protective

Temperament

10-12 years

Lifespan

Quick to Learn

Training

4/5

Medium Vocality

Barking

3/5

At a glance

  • Energy level

    High Energy

  • Grooming

    Minimal Maintenance

  • Size

    Large

  • Temperament

    Playful, affectionate, protective

  • Lifespan

    10-12 years

  • Training

    Quick to Learn

  • Barking

    Medium Vocality

Why people love the breed

Boxer lovers will always be Boxer lovers. They are loyal to the breed because of their affectionate nature, clownish behavior, eagerness to play, protectiveness, and athleticism. They’re one of the sharpest looking dogs there is.
People who love Boxers are among the most loyal of any breed-lovers. They may start with a Boxer in their bed as a child, keep a Boxer protector when they have their own family, and spend their golden years with a Boxer helping them around the house. Boxers are chameleons in their ability to be any dog to any person: playmate, protector, entertainer, service dog, and of course, snuggler. Just give them a job and they’ll get it done. They’re also a handsome breed, male or female, with a body-builder physique that looks as though it were sculpted in stone. Like any fashion-plate, Boxers always get attention wherever they go.

Appearance

Boxers have a unique appearance. They’re the only large breed to combine a sleek long-legged body with a short brachycephalic head. The Boxer is a dog of contrasts - and the combination works! They are amazingly striking dogs.
The Boxer physique is a combination of ruggedness and elegance. The legs are well angulated and the topline straight and slightly sloping towards the rear, giving the appearance that they are ready to spring into action. The body is square-proportioned with medium-substance and abundant muscling, giving them the appearance of a middleweight boxer (the human kind)! In motion, their stride is easy and flowing, covering a lot of ground with little effort; again, giving the impression of an athlete in action as its muscles ripple beneath its close, body-hugging coat. The head is brachycephalic, wide with a short muzzle, upturned nose, undershot jaw, and somewhat pendulous lips. The forehead is slightly wrinkled when the dog is alert. In countries where it is allowed, the ears are customarily cropped to be long and tapering, and the tail docked. Left uncropped, the ears are of medium length and pendulous. The tail is carried high regardless of length. The Boxer breed has a limited color palette, being either fawn or brindle, both with or without white flashing or black mask. White Boxers are also often seen however they are disqualified from American Kennel Club (AKC) conformation competition but can compete in every other venue. The American Boxer Club breed standard requires its members to only place white Boxers with Limited Registration papers, which does not allow them to be bred, but does allow them to compete in any sport but conformation.

Grooming

Boxers are wash-and-wear dogs, requiring minimal grooming.
The Boxer’s short coat needs occasional brushing to remove dead hair. Shedding is below-average to average. A rubber mitt is ideal for removing dead hair, just by brushing the dog with the mitt. Occasional bathing is also needed. More frequent washing of the face is recommended, especially if the dog has deep wrinkles, which should be kept clean and dry. Inspect the ears for debris weekly, but don’t clean them unless they need it. Keep the nails short by clipping or grinding them as needed. Teeth should be brushed daily.
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Chilham Boxers

Breed temperament and characteristics

Owners may be attracted to Boxers because of their appearance, but they love Boxers because of their personality. Boxers are exuberant, interactive, playful, and demonstrative. But they’re not just playmates; they can become fierce protectors when needed.
Boxers make wonderful family members. They are gentle and playful with children, and can serve a role as playmate or, if needed, protector. They are courageous partners in adventure for adults. They are loving and intuitive companions for the elderly. They can be trained to perform many tasks, and have worked as emotional support and therapy dogs. Boxers are high-energy dogs that are very playful and demonstrative. Expect to be greeted every morning with an eager invitation to play fetch or go for a run, and to spend every evening with a Boxer curled beside you—or on you—on the couch. They are tactile dogs that seem to prefer to always be touching you. Boxers were bred to face off against bulls and hogs. Later, they were the first breed used by the German police as a police dog. They’ve also been used as military dogs. So, they are naturally protective and courageous and can make great guard dogs. Well socialized Boxers tend not to be aggressive toward people unless provoked, but they likely will not back down from what they deem a threatening person or animal.

Exercise

Boxers are energetic athletic dogs that need to run, bounce, and play. They can be destructive if not given a daily outlet for their energy - both physical and mental.
Boxers were bred to control large animals, such as bulls and hogs. This required them to run, jump, grab, and grapple with dangerous stock that outweighed them by hundreds of pounds. They had to leap to avoid horns and hooves, lunge to bite at legs and flanks, and sometimes, hang on for dear life. Later, they went on patrol for hour after hour, mile after mile, as either police or military dogs. Today’s Boxers retain this zest for challenging activities. While they can be content to relax at home, that’s only going to happen after they’ve burned off the day’s energy. Exercise your pups appropriately, using your veterinarian as a resource. Younger adults may need one to two hours a day; older dogs may slow way down with seniors possibly only needing 20 to 30 minutes of less vigorous exercise, such as a leisurely meander around the neighborhood. So be prepared to satisfy your Boxer’s high drive by going on long walks, hikes, or runs, combined with games. Favorite games are tug, followed by fetch and keep-away. Many Boxers enjoy swimming, frisbee catching, and weight-pulling. Not all Boxers take well to strange dogs, so for this reason, they’re often not great at dog parks. Because of their short noses, they don’t tolerate hot weather well and can fall victim to overheating more easily than other breeds. Plan your exercise times during cooler weather.
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Grand Lake Boxers

Training

Boxers have been trained to the highest levels of obedience. They are alert, smart, and biddable. They learn quickly and generally want to please.
Boxers were the first breed chosen as German police dogs, and later they served as military dogs. Serving in these jobs required dogs that could learn complicated tasks and perform them under duress. Today’s Boxers can similarly rise to the occasion, and have attained the highest honors in obedience, agility, and rally. Boxers do have both a stubborn and an independent streak, and more often than not will win a war of wills. But they like to play so much that their minds can be changed with the promise of a game of catch or tug. In fact, many trainers find toy rewards work even better than food when it comes to training Boxers. Dog owners should always use positive reinforcement, which involves rewarding the behaviors you’d like to see more of in your dog.

Diet and nutrition

Boxers will thrive on any good-quality balanced diet, whether commercially or home-prepared (following consultation with a veterinary nutritionist).
Very young Boxer puppies will require feeding three to four times a day until ~4 months of age, then usually two times a day thereafter. For puppies, feed them as directed by your veterinarian, but if they start to become chubby as older puppies you may have to slightly restrict their intake. Remember the Boxer is a svelte, athletic breed. You should be able to feel the ribs and hips without much prodding, and the musculature should be evident. Your Boxer should have a slightly hourglass shaped view from the top, with a well tucked up abdomen and no dimple over the tail. Talk to your veterinarian about special diets that may help some health problems, especially for Boxers with cardiomyopathy.
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Moonlite Boxers N Gamprs

Health issues

Every Boxer owner must be familiar with their top health concern, Boxer cardiomyopathy.

Lifespan: 10 to 12 years.

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC)

Also known as Boxer cardiomyopathy, is a heart condition in Boxers. With ARVC, fatty/fibrous tissue replaces normal heart muscle which leads to electrical instability & arrhythmias, which impact the heart potentially causing fainting, collapse or even sudden death. A DNA test is available. An exam with a cardiologist and use of a Holter monitor can help determine if a Boxer is showing signs and could benefit from any necessary treatment.

Hip dysplasia

This is the most common hereditary disorder of the joints, especially in larger and heavier dogs. It occurs when the head of the femur doesn’t fit snugly into the socket of the pelvis, eventually causing arthritis and lameness. No genetic test is available to date, therefore, the recommended screening test is x-rays.

Cancer

Boxers are at risk for a variety of cancers. Per the breed club, these include malignant skin lesions as well as cancers affecting the brain, thyroid, mammary glands, testes, heart, spleen, blood, lymph system (lymphoma), and other organs.

Degenerative Myelopathy

(DM; SOD1A) is a non-painful, progressive neurological disease. Affected dogs will begin to show signs of weakness of the hind limbs that will progress to complete paralysis.

Learn more about health issues that may impact Boxers

History

The Boxer was forged by tough circumstances that called for tough dogs.
According to DNA, the Boxer is in the Mastiff family, with the (English) Bulldog as their closest relative, followed by the Dogue de Bordeaux. They are members of the American Kennel Club (AKC) working group. The Boxer’s ancestors were now-extinct breeds that hunted wild boar and other large game, hanging on to the game until the hunter arrived. The Boxer has strong jaws, and their nose is recessed so they can breathe while hanging on. These dogs were eventually crossed with bull-baiting dogs, terriers, and Bulldogs to create an agile, tough dog that could handle fractious livestock. By 1895 the Boxer was born. Nobody can agree on where the name came from. Some contend it came from the dog standing on its hind legs and “boxing” with its front legs, but that’s unlikely. The Boxer was used as a police and military dog in Germany. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the Boxer in the early 1904, but it only started to get popular in the United States in the 1940s. Now, they are one of the most popular dog breeds. Owners have included Humphrey Bogart, Dale Earnhardt, Jr., Rocky Marciano, Pablo Picasso, Sylvester Stallone, Justin Timberlake, George Clooney, and Jennifer Love Hewitt.
About the author

Canine specialist, Caroline Coile, Ph.D., is the author of 34 dog books, including the top-selling Barron's Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. She’s written thousands of magazine and web articles about dogs. She specializes in canine science, health, breeds and competitions. Caroline has won 20 national dog-writing awards, and was a 2015 Inductee into the Dog Writers Association of America Hall of Fame.

Veterinarian reviewed

Dr. Nate Ritter, DVM is the Veterinary Medical Director at Good Dog. He earned his Bachelor of Science in Biology from Lafayette College and his Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree from Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine. He is a member of the American Veterinary Medical Association, New York State Veterinary Medical Society, the Veterinary Medical Association of New York City, and the Society for Theriogenology. Additionally, he is a USDA-accredited veterinarian.

Breed Scorecard

Characteristics and temperament
  • Affectionate with family

    5

  • Watchdog level

    4

  • Playfulness

    5

  • Adaptability

    3

  • Social needs

    4

  • Temperament

    Playful, affectionate, protective, biddable

  • Intelligence

    5

  • Good with other dogs

    3

  • Good with cats or other pets

    3

  • Friendly with strangers

    3

  • Good as a service dog

    4

  • Good for apartments

    2

  • Barking level

    3

Appearance
  • Height

    21-25"

  • Size

    Large

  • Colors

    Fawn, Brindle, White (non-standard)

  • Coat texture

    Smooth

  • Coat length

    Short

Training
  • Trainability

    4

Exercise
  • Exercise needs

    4

  • Exercise time

    1-2 hours daily

  • Mental exercise needs

    3

  • Favorite activities

    Hiking, tug, agility, obedience

Grooming
  • Grooming needs

    1

  • Brushing frequency

    Weekly

  • Needs professional grooming?

    No

  • Drooling level

    3

Health issues
  • Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC)

  • Hip dysplasia

  • Cancer

  • Degenerative Myelopathy

Other
  • Bred for

    Butcher dog, military dog

  • Country of origin

    Germany

  • Popularity level

    5

FAQs

  • On Good Dog, you can search for Boxer puppies or dogs in rescues and shelters. Adopting a Boxer from a shelter or rescue is generally less expensive than buying a puppy from a breeder with ethical practices. Across the United States, there are dedicated rescues that specialize in specific breeds and may even help transport a Boxer dog to you from another part of the country. Although it can be more cost-effective, adopting the exact breed you're looking for is typically more difficult than working with a responsible breeder. Learn more about adopting a dog from a shelter or rescue.

  • How much do Boxer puppies cost? Prices for Boxer puppies for sale vary by breeder and individual puppy. On Good Dog today, Boxer puppies are typically around $2,150. Because all breeding programs are different, you may find dogs for sale outside that price range.

  • The three different types of Boxer dogs include the American Boxer, German Boxer and English Boxer.

  • Boxers are low-maintenance when it comes to coat care but fairly high maintenance when it comes to exercise. They can have health conditions, such as Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC).

  • Boxers are excellent family dogs, offering something for people of all ages. They’re fun-loving friends (and protectors) for children, partners in just about any outdoor adventure for adults, and empathetic bed-buddies to the elderly.